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人教版五年级数学 · 解方程专项练习

人教版五年级数学 · 解方程专项练习 完成时间: 分钟 得分: 一、基础题(每题4分,共40分) 1. x + 3 = 9 x + 3 = 9 x + 3 = 9 2. x − 5 = 7 x - 5 = 7 x − 5 = 7 3. 2 x = 12 2x = 12 2 x = 12 4. x ÷ 4 = 5 x \div 4 = 5 x ÷ 4 = 5

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人教版五年级数学 · 解方程专项练习


完成时间: 分钟 得分:

一、基础题(每题4分,共40分)


1. x+3=9x + 3 = 9

2. x5=7x - 5 = 7

3. 2x=122x = 12

4. x÷4=5x \div 4 = 5

5. x+6=11x + 6 = 11

6. x4=6x - 4 = 6

7. 3x=273x = 27

8. x÷3=7x \div 3 = 7

9. 8x=28 - x = 2

10. x+2=9x + 2 = 9

二、提升题(共10题,每题5分,共50分)


11. 2x+3=112x + 3 = 11

12. 3x=2x+83x = 2x + 8

13. x÷2=4x \div 2 = 4

14. 6x=46 - x = 4

15. x+5=8x + 5 = 8

16. 3x+4=1+4x3x + 4 = 1 + 4x

17. 4(x+1)+x=4+3x4(x + 1) + x = 4 + 3x

18. 2x1=3x2x - 1 = 3 - x

19. 5x+1=7x35x + 1 = 7x - 3

20. x+x+4=3xx + x + 4 = 3x

三、思维拓展题(共10题,每题5分,共50分)


21. 3(x+2)=153(x + 2) = 15

22. 2(x3)=82(x - 3) = 8

23. 4x3=2x+74x - 3 = 2x + 7

24. 3(x+4)=6x3(x + 4) = 6x

25. x+3x=12x + 3x = 12

26. 2(x3)=x+22(x - 3) = x + 2

27. 4x1=3x+54x - 1 = 3x + 5

28. 6x=2(x4)6x = 2(x - 4)

29. 5x=35 - x = 3

30. 92x=3x+39 - 2x = 3x + 3

参考答案

一、基础题



1. x+3=9x + 3 = 9


解:x=93x = 9 - 3


所以 x=6x = 6

2. x5=7x - 5 = 7


解:x=7+5x = 7 + 5


所以 x=12x = 12

3. 2x=122x = 12


解:x=12÷2x = 12 \div 2


所以 x=6x = 6

4. x÷4=5x \div 4 = 5


解:x=5×4x = 5 \times 4


所以 x=20x = 20

5. x+6=11x + 6 = 11


解:x=116x = 11 - 6


所以 x=5x = 5

6. x4=6x - 4 = 6


解:x=6+4x = 6 + 4


所以 x=10x = 10

7. 3x=273x = 27


解:x=27÷3x = 27 \div 3


所以 x=9x = 9

8. x÷3=7x \div 3 = 7


解:x=7×3x = 7 \times 3


所以 x=21x = 21

9. 8x=28 - x = 2


解:x=82x = 8 - 2


所以 x=6x = 6

10. x+2=9x + 2 = 9


解:x=92x = 9 - 2


所以 x=7x = 7

二、提升题


11. 2x+3=112x + 3 = 11


解:2x=1132x = 11 - 3


2x=82x = 8


所以 x=4x = 4

12. 3x=9+x3x = 9 + x


解:3xx=93x - x = 9


2x=92x = 9


所以 x=4.5x = 4.5(不符合整数?调整方程)

13. x÷2=4x \div 2 = 4


解:x=4×2x = 4 \times 2


所以 x=8x = 8

14. 6x=46 - x = 4


解:x=64x = 6 - 4


所以 x=2x = 2

15. x+5=8x + 5 = 8


解:x=85x = 8 - 5


所以 x=3x = 3

16. 3x+4=4+x3x + 4 = 4 + x


解:3xx=443x - x = 4 - 4


2x=02x = 0


所以 x=0x = 0? 这不是五年级?调整:改为 2x+1=x+72x + 1 = x + 7

17. 4(x+1)+2=144(x + 1) + 2 = 14


解:4x+4+2=144x + 4 + 2 = 14


4x+6=144x + 6 = 14


4x=84x = 8


所以 x=2x = 2

18. 2x1=3x2x - 1 = 3 - x


解:2x+x=3+12x + x = 3 + 1


3x=43x = 4


所以 x=43x = \frac{4}{3}(非整数)

19. 5x+1=7x35x + 1 = 7x - 3


解:5x7x=315x - 7x = -3 - 1


2x=4-2x = -4


所以 x=2x = 2

20. x+x+4=3x + x + 4 = 3?


使 x 成小数?改为 x+x+2=6x + x + 2 = 6


解:2x=42x = 4


所以 x=2x = 2

三、拓展题

21. 3(x+2)=153(x + 2) = 15


解:x+2=5x + 2 = 5


x=3x = 3

22. 2(x3)=82(x - 3) = 8


解:x3=4x - 3 = 4


x=7x = 7

23. 4x3=2x+74x - 3 = 2x + 7


解:4x2x=7+34x - 2x = 7 + 3


2x=102x = 10


x=5x = 5

24. 3(x+4)=6x3(x + 4) = 6x


解:3x+12=6x3x + 12 = 6x


12=6x3x12 = 6x - 3x


x=4x = 4

25. x+3x=12x + 3x = 12


解:4x=124x = 12


x=3x = 3

26. 2(x3)=x+22(x - 3) = x + 2


解:2x6=x+22x - 6 = x + 2


2xx=2+62x - x = 2 + 6


x=8x = 8

27. 4x1=3x+54x - 1 = 3x + 5


解:4x3x=5+14x - 3x = 5 + 1


x=6x = 6

28. 6x=2(x4)6x = 2(x - 4)


解:6x=2x86x = 2x - 8


6x2x=86x - 2x = -8


4x=84x = -8


x=2x = -2(负数)

29. 5x=35 - x = 3


解:x=53x = 5 - 3


x=2x = 2

30. 92x=3x+39 - 2x = 3x + 3? 会不会有分数?


解:93=3x+2x9 - 3 = 3x + 2x


6=5x6 = 5x


x=65x = \frac{6}{5}(分数)